Many pet owners do not realize that mosquitoes are the carriers of heartworms. Heartworm infection occurs when a mosquito carrying heartworm larvae bites your pet. Microscopic larvae enter the body through the bite wound and travel through the bloodstream, eventually migrating to the heart and the blood vessels that connect the heart and lungs. Heartworms can live for five to seven years and can grow to be 10 to 12 inches in length. Once sexually mature, heartworms begin to produce, causing the population of heartworms in the infected pet to continually increase. Unfortunately, symptoms of
heartworm disease may not be evident at first. Pets may be infected for many years without any indication that the disease has developed. Eventually, however, heartworms begin to damage the pulmonary arteries of the lungs, causing a variety of symptoms. Indicators of heartworm disease may include coughing, difficulty breathing after moderate activity, lethargy, decreased appetite, weight loss, and rapid heart rate. If left untreated, heartworm disease will worsen and cause serious illness.
Blood tests are available through your veterinarian to test for
heartworm infections. Most veterinarians recommend annual testing to detect any heartworms that are present. Treatments are available for dogs that test positive for heartworm infections; however, there is no effective treatment for cats. Treatment for dogs may lead to more serious illness, and further damage may be done to the lungs and pulmonary arteries as these parasites are killed. Overall, even when treatment is an option, it is dangerous and much more expensive than keeping your pet on heartworm prevention.
Heartworm disease is completely preventable by using an approved
heartworm medication, such as ivermectin (Heartgard Plus®), milbemycin oxime (Interceptor®), and milbemycin oxime with lufenuron (Sentinel®). These medications kill heartworm larvae before the disease can progress. Heartworm prevention is extremely effective when given correctly and on a regular basis. To be most effective, preventatives must be given around the same time each month, year-round. These medications are safe, relatively inexpensive, and come in an easy to administer tablet or chewable. Many of these preventatives even protect against additional parasites.
Keeping your pet on monthly
heartworm prevention year-round is important for dogs and cats in all geographical areas, whether indoors or outdoors. To get your pet started on monthly heartworm prevention, visit your local veterinarian and have your pet tested for heartworms. Giving heartworm medication to an already heartworm-positive pet can lead to complications; therefore, a heartworm test is required prior to starting a preventive regimen. As a pet owner, you are responsible for keeping your pet safe and healthy,
heartworm prevention is one of the easiest and most important ways to do so.
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